llm/oai/oai.go

package oai

import (
	"cmp"
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"log/slog"
	"math/rand/v2"
	"net/http"
	"time"

	"github.com/sashabaranov/go-openai"
	"sketch.dev/llm"
)

const (
	DefaultMaxTokens = 8192

	OpenAIURL    = "https://api.openai.com/v1"
	FireworksURL = "https://api.fireworks.ai/inference/v1"
	LlamaCPPURL  = "http://localhost:8080/v1"
	TogetherURL  = "https://api.together.xyz/v1"
	GeminiURL    = "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/openai/"
	MistralURL   = "https://api.mistral.ai/v1"

	// Environment variable names for API keys
	OpenAIAPIKeyEnv    = "OPENAI_API_KEY"
	FireworksAPIKeyEnv = "FIREWORKS_API_KEY"
	TogetherAPIKeyEnv  = "TOGETHER_API_KEY"
	GeminiAPIKeyEnv    = "GEMINI_API_KEY"
	MistralAPIKeyEnv   = "MISTRAL_API_KEY"
)

type Model struct {
	UserName         string // provided by the user to identify this model (e.g. "gpt4.1")
	ModelName        string // provided to the service provide to specify which model to use (e.g. "gpt-4.1-2025-04-14")
	URL              string
	Cost             ModelCost
	APIKeyEnv        string // environment variable name for the API key
	IsReasoningModel bool   // whether this model is a reasoning model (e.g. O3, O4-mini)
}

type ModelCost struct {
	Input       uint64 // in cents per million tokens
	CachedInput uint64 // in cents per million tokens
	Output      uint64 // in cents per million tokens
}

var (
	DefaultModel = GPT41

	GPT41 = Model{
		UserName:  "gpt4.1",
		ModelName: "gpt-4.1-2025-04-14",
		URL:       OpenAIURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 200, CachedInput: 50, Output: 800},
		APIKeyEnv: OpenAIAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	GPT4o = Model{
		UserName:  "gpt4o",
		ModelName: "gpt-4o-2024-08-06",
		URL:       OpenAIURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 250, CachedInput: 125, Output: 1000},
		APIKeyEnv: OpenAIAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	GPT4oMini = Model{
		UserName:  "gpt4o-mini",
		ModelName: "gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18",
		URL:       OpenAIURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 15, CachedInput: 8, Output: 60}, // 8 is actually 7.5 GRRR round up for now oh well
		APIKeyEnv: OpenAIAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	GPT41Mini = Model{
		UserName:  "gpt4.1-mini",
		ModelName: "gpt-4.1-mini-2025-04-14",
		URL:       OpenAIURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 40, CachedInput: 10, Output: 160},
		APIKeyEnv: OpenAIAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	GPT41Nano = Model{
		UserName:  "gpt4.1-nano",
		ModelName: "gpt-4.1-nano-2025-04-14",
		URL:       OpenAIURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 10, CachedInput: 3, Output: 40}, // 3 is actually 2.5 GRRR round up for now oh well
		APIKeyEnv: OpenAIAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	O3 = Model{
		UserName:         "o3",
		ModelName:        "o3-2025-04-16",
		URL:              OpenAIURL,
		Cost:             ModelCost{Input: 1000, CachedInput: 250, Output: 4000},
		APIKeyEnv:        OpenAIAPIKeyEnv,
		IsReasoningModel: true,
	}

	O4Mini = Model{
		UserName:         "o4-mini",
		ModelName:        "o4-mini-2025-04-16",
		URL:              OpenAIURL,
		Cost:             ModelCost{Input: 110, CachedInput: 28, Output: 440}, // 28 is actually 27.5 GRRR round up for now oh well
		APIKeyEnv:        OpenAIAPIKeyEnv,
		IsReasoningModel: true,
	}

	Gemini25Flash = Model{
		UserName:  "gemini-flash-2.5",
		ModelName: "gemini-2.5-flash-preview-04-17",
		URL:       GeminiURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 15, Output: 60},
		APIKeyEnv: GeminiAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	Gemini25Pro = Model{
		UserName:  "gemini-pro-2.5",
		ModelName: "gemini-2.5-pro-preview-03-25",
		URL:       GeminiURL,
		// GRRRR. Really??
		// Input is: $1.25, prompts <= 200k tokens, $2.50, prompts > 200k tokens
		// Output is: $10.00, prompts <= 200k tokens, $15.00, prompts > 200k
		// Caching is: $0.31, prompts <= 200k tokens, $0.625, prompts > 200k, $4.50 / 1,000,000 tokens per hour
		// Whatever that means. Are we caching? I have no idea.
		// How do you always manage to be the annoying one, Google?
		// I'm not complicating things just for you.
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 125, Output: 1000},
		APIKeyEnv: GeminiAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	TogetherDeepseekV3 = Model{
		UserName:  "together-deepseek-v3",
		ModelName: "deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V3",
		URL:       TogetherURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 125, Output: 125},
		APIKeyEnv: TogetherAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	TogetherLlama4Maverick = Model{
		UserName:  "together-llama4-maverick",
		ModelName: "meta-llama/Llama-4-Maverick-17B-128E-Instruct-FP8",
		URL:       TogetherURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 27, Output: 85},
		APIKeyEnv: TogetherAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	FireworksLlama4Maverick = Model{
		UserName:  "fireworks-llama4-maverick",
		ModelName: "accounts/fireworks/models/llama4-maverick-instruct-basic",
		URL:       FireworksURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 22, Output: 88},
		APIKeyEnv: FireworksAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	TogetherLlama3_3_70B = Model{
		UserName:  "together-llama3-70b",
		ModelName: "meta-llama/Llama-3.3-70B-Instruct-Turbo",
		URL:       TogetherURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 88, Output: 88},
		APIKeyEnv: TogetherAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	TogetherMistralSmall = Model{
		UserName:  "together-mistral-small",
		ModelName: "mistralai/Mistral-Small-24B-Instruct-2501",
		URL:       TogetherURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 80, Output: 80},
		APIKeyEnv: TogetherAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	TogetherQwen3 = Model{
		UserName:  "together-qwen3",
		ModelName: "Qwen/Qwen3-235B-A22B-fp8-tput",
		URL:       TogetherURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 20, Output: 60},
		APIKeyEnv: TogetherAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	TogetherGemma2 = Model{
		UserName:  "together-gemma2",
		ModelName: "google/gemma-2-27b-it",
		URL:       TogetherURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 80, Output: 80},
		APIKeyEnv: TogetherAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	LlamaCPP = Model{
		UserName:  "llama.cpp",
		ModelName: "llama.cpp local model",
		URL:       LlamaCPPURL,
		// zero cost
		Cost: ModelCost{},
	}

	FireworksDeepseekV3 = Model{
		UserName:  "fireworks-deepseek-v3",
		ModelName: "accounts/fireworks/models/deepseek-v3-0324",
		URL:       FireworksURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 90, Output: 90}, // not entirely sure about this, they don't list pricing anywhere convenient
		APIKeyEnv: FireworksAPIKeyEnv,
	}

	MistralMedium = Model{
		UserName:  "mistral-medium-3",
		ModelName: "mistral-medium-latest",
		URL:       MistralURL,
		Cost:      ModelCost{Input: 40, Output: 200},
		APIKeyEnv: MistralAPIKeyEnv,
	}
)

// Service provides chat completions.
// Fields should not be altered concurrently with calling any method on Service.
type Service struct {
	HTTPC     *http.Client // defaults to http.DefaultClient if nil
	APIKey    string       // optional, if not set will try to load from env var
	Model     Model        // defaults to DefaultModel if zero value
	MaxTokens int          // defaults to DefaultMaxTokens if zero
	Org       string       // optional - organization ID
}

var _ llm.Service = (*Service)(nil)

func (s *Service) ModelName() string {
	return s.Model.UserName
}

// ModelsRegistry is a registry of all known models with their user-friendly names.
var ModelsRegistry = []Model{
	GPT41,
	GPT41Mini,
	GPT41Nano,
	GPT4o,
	GPT4oMini,
	O3,
	O4Mini,
	Gemini25Flash,
	Gemini25Pro,
	TogetherDeepseekV3,
	TogetherLlama4Maverick,
	TogetherLlama3_3_70B,
	TogetherMistralSmall,
	TogetherQwen3,
	TogetherGemma2,
	LlamaCPP,
	FireworksDeepseekV3,
	FireworksLlama4Maverick,
	MistralMedium,
}

// ListModels returns a list of all available models with their user-friendly names.
func ListModels() []string {
	var names []string
	for _, model := range ModelsRegistry {
		if model.UserName != "" {
			names = append(names, model.UserName)
		}
	}
	return names
}

// ModelByUserName returns a model by its user-friendly name.
// Returns nil if no model with the given name is found.
func ModelByUserName(name string) *Model {
	for _, model := range ModelsRegistry {
		if model.UserName == name {
			return &model
		}
	}
	return nil
}

var (
	fromLLMRole = map[llm.MessageRole]string{
		llm.MessageRoleAssistant: "assistant",
		llm.MessageRoleUser:      "user",
	}
	fromLLMContentType = map[llm.ContentType]string{
		llm.ContentTypeText:             "text",
		llm.ContentTypeToolUse:          "function", // OpenAI uses function instead of tool_call
		llm.ContentTypeToolResult:       "tool_result",
		llm.ContentTypeThinking:         "text", // Map thinking to text since OpenAI doesn't have thinking
		llm.ContentTypeRedactedThinking: "text", // Map redacted_thinking to text
	}
	fromLLMToolChoiceType = map[llm.ToolChoiceType]string{
		llm.ToolChoiceTypeAuto: "auto",
		llm.ToolChoiceTypeAny:  "any",
		llm.ToolChoiceTypeNone: "none",
		llm.ToolChoiceTypeTool: "function", // OpenAI uses "function" instead of "tool"
	}
	toLLMRole = map[string]llm.MessageRole{
		"assistant": llm.MessageRoleAssistant,
		"user":      llm.MessageRoleUser,
	}
	toLLMStopReason = map[string]llm.StopReason{
		"stop":           llm.StopReasonStopSequence,
		"length":         llm.StopReasonMaxTokens,
		"tool_calls":     llm.StopReasonToolUse,
		"function_call":  llm.StopReasonToolUse,      // Map both to ToolUse
		"content_filter": llm.StopReasonStopSequence, // No direct equivalent
	}
)

// fromLLMContent converts llm.Content to the format expected by OpenAI.
func fromLLMContent(c llm.Content) (string, []openai.ToolCall) {
	switch c.Type {
	case llm.ContentTypeText:
		return c.Text, nil
	case llm.ContentTypeToolUse:
		// For OpenAI, tool use is sent as a null content with tool_calls in the message
		return "", []openai.ToolCall{
			{
				Type: openai.ToolTypeFunction,
				ID:   c.ID, // Use the content ID if provided
				Function: openai.FunctionCall{
					Name:      c.ToolName,
					Arguments: string(c.ToolInput),
				},
			},
		}
	case llm.ContentTypeToolResult:
		// Tool results in OpenAI are sent as a separate message with tool_call_id
		return c.ToolResult, nil
	default:
		// For thinking or other types, convert to text
		return c.Text, nil
	}
}

// fromLLMMessage converts llm.Message to OpenAI ChatCompletionMessage format
func fromLLMMessage(msg llm.Message) []openai.ChatCompletionMessage {
	// For OpenAI, we need to handle tool results differently than regular messages
	// Each tool result becomes its own message with role="tool"

	var messages []openai.ChatCompletionMessage

	// Check if this is a regular message or contains tool results
	var regularContent []llm.Content
	var toolResults []llm.Content

	for _, c := range msg.Content {
		if c.Type == llm.ContentTypeToolResult {
			toolResults = append(toolResults, c)
		} else {
			regularContent = append(regularContent, c)
		}
	}

	// Process tool results as separate messages, but first
	for _, tr := range toolResults {
		m := openai.ChatCompletionMessage{
			Role:       "tool",
			Content:    cmp.Or(tr.ToolResult, " "), // TODO: remove omitempty upstream
			ToolCallID: tr.ToolUseID,
		}
		messages = append(messages, m)
	}
	// Process regular content second
	if len(regularContent) > 0 {
		m := openai.ChatCompletionMessage{
			Role: fromLLMRole[msg.Role],
		}

		// For assistant messages that contain tool calls
		var toolCalls []openai.ToolCall
		var textContent string

		for _, c := range regularContent {
			content, tools := fromLLMContent(c)
			if len(tools) > 0 {
				toolCalls = append(toolCalls, tools...)
			} else if content != "" {
				if textContent != "" {
					textContent += "\n"
				}
				textContent += content
			}
		}

		m.Content = textContent
		m.ToolCalls = toolCalls

		messages = append(messages, m)
	}

	return messages
}

// fromLLMToolChoice converts llm.ToolChoice to the format expected by OpenAI.
func fromLLMToolChoice(tc *llm.ToolChoice) any {
	if tc == nil {
		return nil
	}

	if tc.Type == llm.ToolChoiceTypeTool && tc.Name != "" {
		return openai.ToolChoice{
			Type: openai.ToolTypeFunction,
			Function: openai.ToolFunction{
				Name: tc.Name,
			},
		}
	}

	// For non-specific tool choice, just use the string
	return fromLLMToolChoiceType[tc.Type]
}

// fromLLMTool converts llm.Tool to the format expected by OpenAI.
func fromLLMTool(t *llm.Tool) openai.Tool {
	return openai.Tool{
		Type: openai.ToolTypeFunction,
		Function: &openai.FunctionDefinition{
			Name:        t.Name,
			Description: t.Description,
			Parameters:  t.InputSchema,
		},
	}
}

// fromLLMSystem converts llm.SystemContent to an OpenAI system message.
func fromLLMSystem(systemContent []llm.SystemContent) []openai.ChatCompletionMessage {
	if len(systemContent) == 0 {
		return nil
	}

	// Combine all system content into a single system message
	var systemText string
	for i, content := range systemContent {
		if i > 0 && systemText != "" && content.Text != "" {
			systemText += "\n"
		}
		systemText += content.Text
	}

	if systemText == "" {
		return nil
	}

	return []openai.ChatCompletionMessage{
		{
			Role:    "system",
			Content: systemText,
		},
	}
}

// toRawLLMContent converts a raw content string from OpenAI to llm.Content.
func toRawLLMContent(content string) llm.Content {
	return llm.Content{
		Type: llm.ContentTypeText,
		Text: content,
	}
}

// toToolCallLLMContent converts a tool call from OpenAI to llm.Content.
func toToolCallLLMContent(toolCall openai.ToolCall) llm.Content {
	// Generate a content ID if needed
	id := toolCall.ID
	if id == "" {
		// Create a deterministic ID based on the function name if no ID is provided
		id = "tc_" + toolCall.Function.Name
	}

	return llm.Content{
		ID:        id,
		Type:      llm.ContentTypeToolUse,
		ToolName:  toolCall.Function.Name,
		ToolInput: json.RawMessage(toolCall.Function.Arguments),
	}
}

// toToolResultLLMContent converts a tool result message from OpenAI to llm.Content.
func toToolResultLLMContent(msg openai.ChatCompletionMessage) llm.Content {
	return llm.Content{
		Type:       llm.ContentTypeToolResult,
		ToolUseID:  msg.ToolCallID,
		ToolResult: msg.Content,
		ToolError:  false, // OpenAI doesn't specify errors explicitly
	}
}

// toLLMContents converts message content from OpenAI to []llm.Content.
func toLLMContents(msg openai.ChatCompletionMessage) []llm.Content {
	var contents []llm.Content

	// If this is a tool response, handle it separately
	if msg.Role == "tool" && msg.ToolCallID != "" {
		return []llm.Content{toToolResultLLMContent(msg)}
	}

	// If there's text content, add it
	if msg.Content != "" {
		contents = append(contents, toRawLLMContent(msg.Content))
	}

	// If there are tool calls, add them
	for _, tc := range msg.ToolCalls {
		contents = append(contents, toToolCallLLMContent(tc))
	}

	// If empty, add an empty text content
	if len(contents) == 0 {
		contents = append(contents, llm.Content{
			Type: llm.ContentTypeText,
			Text: "",
		})
	}

	return contents
}

// toLLMUsage converts usage information from OpenAI to llm.Usage.
func (s *Service) toLLMUsage(au openai.Usage) llm.Usage {
	// fmt.Printf("raw usage: %+v / %v / %v\n", au, au.PromptTokensDetails, au.CompletionTokensDetails)
	in := uint64(au.PromptTokens)
	var inc uint64
	if au.PromptTokensDetails != nil {
		inc = uint64(au.PromptTokensDetails.CachedTokens)
	}
	out := uint64(au.CompletionTokens)
	u := llm.Usage{
		InputTokens:              in,
		CacheReadInputTokens:     inc,
		CacheCreationInputTokens: in,
		OutputTokens:             out,
	}
	u.CostUSD = s.calculateCostFromTokens(u)
	return u
}

// toLLMResponse converts the OpenAI response to llm.Response.
func (s *Service) toLLMResponse(r *openai.ChatCompletionResponse) *llm.Response {
	// fmt.Printf("Raw response\n")
	// enc := json.NewEncoder(os.Stdout)
	// enc.SetIndent("", "  ")
	// enc.Encode(r)
	// fmt.Printf("\n")

	if len(r.Choices) == 0 {
		return &llm.Response{
			ID:    r.ID,
			Model: r.Model,
			Role:  llm.MessageRoleAssistant,
			Usage: s.toLLMUsage(r.Usage),
		}
	}

	// Process the primary choice
	choice := r.Choices[0]

	return &llm.Response{
		ID:         r.ID,
		Model:      r.Model,
		Role:       toRoleFromString(choice.Message.Role),
		Content:    toLLMContents(choice.Message),
		StopReason: toStopReason(string(choice.FinishReason)),
		Usage:      s.toLLMUsage(r.Usage),
	}
}

// toRoleFromString converts a role string to llm.MessageRole.
func toRoleFromString(role string) llm.MessageRole {
	if role == "tool" || role == "system" || role == "function" {
		return llm.MessageRoleAssistant // Map special roles to assistant for consistency
	}
	if mr, ok := toLLMRole[role]; ok {
		return mr
	}
	return llm.MessageRoleUser // Default to user if unknown
}

// toStopReason converts a finish reason string to llm.StopReason.
func toStopReason(reason string) llm.StopReason {
	if sr, ok := toLLMStopReason[reason]; ok {
		return sr
	}
	return llm.StopReasonStopSequence // Default
}

// calculateCostFromTokens calculates the cost in dollars for the given model and token counts.
func (s *Service) calculateCostFromTokens(u llm.Usage) float64 {
	cost := s.Model.Cost

	// TODO: check this for correctness, i am skeptical
	// Calculate cost in cents
	megaCents := u.CacheCreationInputTokens*cost.Input +
		u.CacheReadInputTokens*cost.CachedInput +
		u.OutputTokens*cost.Output

	cents := float64(megaCents) / 1_000_000
	// Convert to dollars
	dollars := cents / 100.0
	// fmt.Printf("in_new=%d, in_cached=%d, out=%d, cost=%.2f\n", u.CacheCreationInputTokens, u.CacheReadInputTokens, u.OutputTokens, dollars)
	return dollars
}

// Do sends a request to OpenAI using the go-openai package.
func (s *Service) Do(ctx context.Context, ir *llm.Request) (*llm.Response, error) {
	// Configure the OpenAI client
	httpc := cmp.Or(s.HTTPC, http.DefaultClient)
	model := cmp.Or(s.Model, DefaultModel)

	// TODO: do this one during Service setup? maybe with a constructor instead?
	config := openai.DefaultConfig(s.APIKey)
	if model.URL != "" {
		config.BaseURL = model.URL
	}
	if s.Org != "" {
		config.OrgID = s.Org
	}
	config.HTTPClient = httpc

	client := openai.NewClientWithConfig(config)

	// Start with system messages if provided
	var allMessages []openai.ChatCompletionMessage
	if len(ir.System) > 0 {
		sysMessages := fromLLMSystem(ir.System)
		allMessages = append(allMessages, sysMessages...)
	}

	// Add regular and tool messages
	for _, msg := range ir.Messages {
		msgs := fromLLMMessage(msg)
		allMessages = append(allMessages, msgs...)
	}

	// Convert tools
	var tools []openai.Tool
	for _, t := range ir.Tools {
		tools = append(tools, fromLLMTool(t))
	}

	// Create the OpenAI request
	req := openai.ChatCompletionRequest{
		Model:      model.ModelName,
		Messages:   allMessages,
		Tools:      tools,
		ToolChoice: fromLLMToolChoice(ir.ToolChoice), // TODO: make fromLLMToolChoice return an error when a perfect translation is not possible
	}
	if model.IsReasoningModel {
		req.MaxCompletionTokens = cmp.Or(s.MaxTokens, DefaultMaxTokens)
	} else {
		req.MaxTokens = cmp.Or(s.MaxTokens, DefaultMaxTokens)
	}
	// fmt.Printf("Sending request to OpenAI\n")
	// enc := json.NewEncoder(os.Stdout)
	// enc.SetIndent("", "  ")
	// enc.Encode(req)
	// fmt.Printf("\n")

	// Retry mechanism
	backoff := []time.Duration{1 * time.Second, 2 * time.Second, 5 * time.Second}

	// retry loop
	for attempts := 0; ; attempts++ {
		resp, err := client.CreateChatCompletion(ctx, req)

		// Handle successful response
		if err == nil {
			return s.toLLMResponse(&resp), nil
		}

		// Handle errors
		var apiErr *openai.APIError
		if ok := errors.As(err, &apiErr); !ok {
			// Not an OpenAI API error, return immediately
			return nil, err
		}

		switch {
		case apiErr.HTTPStatusCode >= 500:
			// Server error, try again with backoff
			sleep := backoff[min(attempts, len(backoff)-1)] + time.Duration(rand.Int64N(int64(time.Second)))
			slog.WarnContext(ctx, "openai_request_failed", "error", apiErr.Error(), "status_code", apiErr.HTTPStatusCode, "sleep", sleep)
			time.Sleep(sleep)
			continue

		case apiErr.HTTPStatusCode == 429:
			// Rate limited, back off longer
			sleep := 20*time.Second + backoff[min(attempts, len(backoff)-1)] + time.Duration(rand.Int64N(int64(time.Second)))
			slog.WarnContext(ctx, "openai_request_rate_limited", "error", apiErr.Error(), "sleep", sleep)
			time.Sleep(sleep)
			continue

		default:
			// Other error, return immediately
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("OpenAI API error: %w", err)
		}
	}
}